Calcium-vitamin D supplementation
Calcium is a mineral necessary for heart, muscle, nerve, and blood clotting function. Vitamin D aids absorption of calcium in the body through the formation of the hormone calcitriol. Joint supplementation of calcium and vitamin D is proposed to regulate adipocyte lipid metabolism and triglyceride storage, improving metabolic health and reducing body weight . Only five of the twenty-two RCTs (23%) conducted between 2007 and 2018 were classified as having an overall low risk of bias . Half of the studies (n = 11) were conducted in North America, and of the 22, 6 (27%) were industry sponsored, and 4 did not report their funding sources. The number of participants ranged from 6 to 170 per arm, and the range of the study duration was 2 weeks to 2 years. Participant age ranged from 20.1 to 62.4 years. Studies were generally conducted in females. Of the 22 studies, 8 did not report changes between arms over time; 3 studies (9%) demonstrated significant findings of decreased weight over time. Which Is The Best Weight Loss Pill That Burns Fat While You Sleep Of the five articles with low bias (23%), none demonstrated significant differences in weight change between groups (Supporting Information Tables S4A-D).